Central Asia: an isolated road to nowhere or a bastion to uphold the merits of an open, globally connected, secure, and trustworthy Internet?
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May 2024 | Here's what's happened in the last month.

globeReport: Understanding the Challenges to Central Asia's Open, Globally Connected Internet

Central Asia has historically played an important role in connecting the world. Comprising Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan, the region is home to around 80 million people from diverse cultures, religions, languages, and economic backgrounds.

 

While the Caspian Sea borders some of these countries, it and the region are landlocked. This means all the region’s Internet connectivity is provided by terrestrial fiber from neighboring countries Afghanistan, China, Iran, and Russia.

 

Given the questionable current and future status of the Internet in three of these four countries, Central Asia has quickly become an isolated road to nowhere and an equally important bastion to uphold the merits of an open, globally connected, secure, and trustworthy Internet.

 

This makes understanding the current resilience of the Internet in the region more important than ever. This will allow us to measure the impact of developments surrounding this region and guide further research and resources on how best to develop the Internet within it.

 

To this end, the Internet Society has recently drafted a report examining the resilience profile of each country in the region, using open data sources, most of which are collated and presented in Internet Society Pulse.

Central Asia broadband map

It's challenging to identify any single factor that could enhance the resilience of infrastructure (and reduce the cost of Internet services) in any country or region.

Instead, multiple strategies need to be considered, including: 

  • Local Traffic Sharing: This is only possible by establishing a comprehensive network of Internet Exchange Points (IXPs) throughout each country in the region.
  • Cross-Border Data Sharing: Transparent and inclusive policies for cross-border data sharing can potentially reduce transit costs and improve the resilience and speed of connections.
  • Encouraging Local Data Hosting: This reduces the reliance on international bandwidth and decreases costs while improving access speeds. 
  • Building Local Content and Infrastructure: This infrastructure can include data centers, cloud services, and content delivery networks that are physically closer to the region’s users, thus enhancing the overall user experience and fostering the digital economy.
  • Government and Regulatory Support: Policies that encourage investment in telecommunications infrastructure, support the establishment and operation of IXPs, and incentivize local data hosting can significantly increase the resiliency of the country’s infrastructure and drive down costs for providing essential Internet services.
Read the Pulse report: Internet Resilience and Efficiency in Central Asia
icon-rss-rgb On the Pulse Blog
  • Understanding the Sudden Drop in IPv6 Adoption in Iran
  • Reviewing Internet Resilience and Efficiency in Central Asia
  • Iraq to Shutdown Internet During 2024 Exam Period
  • Iran is Losing More than USD $1M GDP Daily from Blocking Internet and VPN Services
  • Internet Remains on in Africa Despite New Cable Outages 
  • Plan Now to Mitigate Submarine Cable Cut Risks
  • Malawi Internet Community Seeks to Strengthen Country’s Internet Resilience
  • Pulse Update: Accessibility, IXPs, and APIs

Have a story or research to share? Email us pulse@isoc.org

wifi  Internet Shutdowns
  • Syria, 26 May — Ongoing: Syria is experiencing a series of short (5 hour) Internet shutdowns  on the mornings of national high school exam days.
  • Iraq, 21 May — Ongoing: Iraq is experiencing a series of short (2 hour) Internet shutdowns  on the mornings of national high school exam days.
  • Pakistan, 12—14 May: Mobile Internet services were reporedly suspended in parts of the Azad Jammu and Kashmir region.
  • Sudan, 2 Feb— Ongoing: Ongoing conflict continue to hamper Internet services.
  • Guinea, 24 Nov—Ongoing: Social media and video streaming services continue to be afected by ongoing service blocking actions.
  • Palestine, 7 Oct—Ongoing: Internet services continue to be hampered by ongoing conflict and power outages.
  • India, 26 Sep—Ongoing: Internet connectivity remains to be fully restored in all regions of Manipur.
  • Ethiopia, 6 Aug—Ongoing: Internet connectivity and access to social media and messaging apps continues to be affected in the Amhara region.
Read more
read In the News
  • Researchers uncover the role of autocracies in internet censorship
  • A root-server at the Internet’s core lost touch with its peers. We still don’t know why
  • Iraq Authorities Threaten to ban TikTok
  • US Codifies Sanctions Exemption to Help Iranians Access Internet
  • Over 90 groups call for Sudan telco infrastructure restoration amid Starlink shutdown concerns
  • Internet shutdowns in 2023: the #KeepItOn Report
  • French government bans TikTok in overseas territory amid violent protests
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